• PHP > les tableaux

      CRÉER UN TABLEAU

      $tableau = array();

      tableau indexé :

      $tableau[index]

       

      $tableau = array( valeur , valeur , valeur );
      $tableau = array( 'un' , 'deux' , 'trois' );

      tableau associatif

      $tableau['clé']

       

      $tableau = array( clé=>valeur   , clé=>valeur       , clé=>valeur         );
      $tableau = array( 1=>'un'       , 2=>'deux'         , 3=>'trois'          );
      $tableau = array( 'os'=>'linux' , 'version'=>'2.03' , 'system'=>'64 bits' );

       

      tableau multidimensionnel

      $tableau[x][y]

       

      $tableau = array (
         array("un",1,"one"),
         array("deux",2,"two"),
         array("trois",3,"three")
      );

       

       

      AJOUTER UN ÉLÉMENT

       

       

       

      RETIRER UN ÉLÉMENT

       

       

       

      MODIFIER UN ÉLÉMENT

       

       

       

      FUSIONNER DES TABLEAUX

       

       

       

      PARCOURIR UN TABLEAU

      tableau indexé :

       

      $longueur=count($tableau);
      
      for($x=0;$x<$longueur;$x++){
      echo $tableau[$x];
      }

       

       

      tableau associatif

       

      foreach($tableau as $x=>$x_value){
       echo "Key=" . $x . ", Value=" . $x_value;
      }

       

      CHERCHER UN ÉLÉMENT

       

      array_search() - Recherche dans un tableau la clé associée à une valeur

       

      isset() - Détermine si une variable est définie et est différente de NULL

       

      array_key_exists() - Vérifie si une clé existe dans un tableau

       

      in_array()

      $tab = array('toto', 'tata', 'foo', 'bar') ;
      if ( in_array('toto', $tab) ) {
         echo "toto trouvé" ;
      }

       

      Chercher un tableau dans un tableau :

       

      $a = array( array('p', 'h'), array('p', 'r'), 'o' );
      if ( in_array(array('p', 'h'), $a) ){
         echo "ph trouvé";
      }
      if ( in_array(array('f', 'i'), $a) ){
         echo "fi trouvé";
      }
      if ( in_array('o', $a) ){
         echo "o trouvé";
      }

      L’exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

       

      ph trouvé
      o trouvé

       

       

      Pour une recherche sans respect de la casse, on utilise strtolower() : strtolower($chaine)

       

      For a case-insensitive in_array(), you can use array_map() to avoid a foreach statement, e.g.:
      function casse($aiguille, $motte) {

      return in_array( strtolower($aiguille), array_map(‘strtolower’, $motte));
      }

       

      ATTENTION A CERTAINS RÉSULTATS !!!

       

      $array = array(
         'egg' => true,
         'cheese' => false,
         'hair' => 765,
         'goblins' => null,
         'ogres' => 'no ogres allowed in this array'
      );

       

      in_array(null, $array)→ true
      in_array(false, $array)→ true
      in_array(765, $array)→ true
      in_array(763, $array)→ true !!!
      in_array(‘egg‘, $array)→ true
      in_array(‘hhh‘, $array)→ true !!!
      in_array(array(), $array)→ true

       

      // Strict checking

       

      in_array(null, $array, true)→ true
      in_array(false, $array, true)→ true
      in_array(765, $array, true)→ true
      in_array(763, $array, true)→ false
      in_array(‘egg‘, $array, true)→ false
      in_array(‘hhh‘, $array, true)→ false
      in_array(array(), $array, true)→ false

       

       

      SE DÉPLACER DANS UN TABLEAU

      current($tab)→ retourne la valeur de l’élément courant

      reset($tab) →  place le pointeur vers le premier élément

      end($tab)→ place le pointeur vers le dernier élément

      next($tab)→ place le pointeur vers l’élément suivant

      prev($tab)→ place le pointeur vers l’élément précédent

      each($tab → retourne la clé et la valeur de l’élément courant, et déplace le pointeur en avant

       

      $tableau = array(A, B, C, D);

       

      current($tableau)→ élément courant → A

      next($tableau)→ élément suivant → B

      current($tableau) → élément courant → B

      prev($tableau) → élément précédent → A

      end($tableau) → dernier élément → D

      prev($tableau)→ élément précédent → C

      current($tableau)→ élément courant → C

      reset($tableau)→ premier élément → A

      next($tableau)→ élément suivant → B

      print_r (each($people)) → élément courant → B, puis déplace le pointeur en avant

       

      VÉRIFIER UN ÉLÉMENT

      Est-ce le premier élément ?

      if ( $elem === reset($tableau) )

       

      exemple :

       

      foreach ( $tab as $elem ){
         if ( $elem === reset($tab) ) echo 'premier élément';
         if ( ! ( $elem === reset($tab) ) ) echo 'pas le premier élément';
      }

       

      Est-ce le dernier élément ?

      if ( $elem === end($tableau) )

       

      exemple :

       

      foreach ( $tab as $elem ){
         if ( $elem === end($tab) ) echo 'dernier élément';
         if ( ! ( $elem === end($tab) ) ) echo 'pas le dernier élément';
      }

       

      isset

      isset() - Détermine si une variable est définie et est différente de NULL

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

      array_change_key_case() Changes all keys in an array to lowercase or uppercase
      array_chunk() Splits an array into chunks of arrays
      array_column() Returns the values from a single column in the input array
      array_combine() Creates an array by using the elements from one "keys" array and one "values" array
      array_count_values() Counts all the values of an array
      array_diff() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare values only)
      array_diff_assoc() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare keys and values)
      array_diff_key() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare keys only)
      array_diff_uassoc() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare keys and values, using a user-defined key comparison function)
      array_diff_ukey() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare keys only, using a user-defined key comparison function)
      array_fill() Fills an array with values
      array_fill_keys() Fills an array with values, specifying keys
      array_filter() Filters the values of an array using a callback function
      array_flip() Flips/Exchanges all keys with their associated values in an array
      array_intersect() Compare arrays, and returns the matches (compare values only)
      array_intersect_assoc() Compare arrays and returns the matches (compare keys and values)
      array_intersect_key() Compare arrays, and returns the matches (compare keys only)
      array_intersect_uassoc() Compare arrays, and returns the matches (compare keys and values, using a user-defined key comparison function)
      array_intersect_ukey() Compare arrays, and returns the matches (compare keys only, using a user-defined key comparison function)
      array_key_exists() Checks if the specified key exists in the array
      array_keys() Returns all the keys of an array
      array_map() Sends each value of an array to a user-made function, which returns new values
      array_merge() Merges one or more arrays into one array
      array_merge_recursive() Merges one or more arrays into one array recursively
      array_multisort() Sorts multiple or multi-dimensional arrays
      array_pad() Inserts a specified number of items, with a specified value, to an array
      array_pop() Deletes the last element of an array
      array_product() Calculates the product of the values in an array
      array_push() Inserts one or more elements to the end of an array
      array_rand() Returns one or more random keys from an array
      array_reduce() Returns an array as a string, using a user-defined function
      array_replace() Replaces the values of the first array with the values from following arrays
      array_replace_recursive() Replaces the values of the first array with the values from following arrays recursively
      array_reverse() Returns an array in the reverse order
      array_search() Searches an array for a given value and returns the key
      array_shift() Removes the first element from an array, and returns the value of the removed element
      array_slice() Returns selected parts of an array
      array_splice() Removes and replaces specified elements of an array
      array_sum() Returns the sum of the values in an array
      array_udiff() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare values only, using a user-defined key comparison function)
      array_udiff_assoc() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare keys and values, using a built-in function to compare the keys and a user-defined function to compare the values)
      array_udiff_uassoc() Compare arrays, and returns the differences (compare keys and values, using two user-defined key comparison functions)
      array_uintersect() Compare arrays, and returns the matches (compare values only, using a user-defined key comparison function)
      array_uintersect_assoc() Compare arrays, and returns the matches (compare keys and values, using a built-in function to compare the keys and a user-defined function to compare the values)
      array_uintersect_uassoc() Compare arrays, and returns the matches (compare keys and values, using two user-defined key comparison functions)
      array_unique() Removes duplicate values from an array
      array_unshift() Adds one or more elements to the beginning of an array
      array_values() Returns all the values of an array
      array_walk() Applies a user function to every member of an array
      array_walk_recursive() Applies a user function recursively to every member of an array
      arsort() Sorts an associative array in descending order, according to the value
      asort() Sorts an associative array in ascending order, according to the value
      compact() Create array containing variables and their values
      count() Returns the number of elements in an array
      current() Returns the current element in an array
      each() Returns the current key and value pair from an array
      end() Sets the internal pointer of an array to its last element
      extract() Imports variables into the current symbol table from an array
      in_array() Checks if a specified value exists in an array
      key() Fetches a key from an array
      krsort() Sorts an associative array in descending order, according to the key
      ksort() Sorts an associative array in ascending order, according to the key
      list() Assigns variables as if they were an array
      natcasesort() Sorts an array using a case insensitive "natural order" algorithm
      natsort() Sorts an array using a "natural order" algorithm
      next() Advance the internal array pointer of an array
      pos() Alias of current()
      prev() Rewinds the internal array pointer
      range() Creates an array containing a range of elements
      reset() Sets the internal pointer of an array to its first element
      rsort() Sorts an indexed array in descending order
      shuffle() Shuffles an array
      sizeof() Alias of count()
      sort() Sorts an indexed array in ascending order
      uasort() Sorts an array by values using a user-defined comparison function
      uksort() Sorts an array by keys using a user-defined comparison function
      usort() Sorts an array using a user-defined comparison function

       

       

       

 

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